How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is a condition only of children, but it can affect adults too. When diagnosed and treated for ADHD the patient can live a better life.
Interviewing the person and their family members may be a part of a diagnostic for ADHD. The specialist could look through old school records to see if symptoms started in childhood.
Signs and symptoms
Everyone struggles with concentration and staying well-organized from time to time however, for those who suffers from ADHD, these problems interfere with work, school and family life. To be considered to have the disorder, a person must show signs of major impairment in at least two of these areas and demonstrate that the symptoms significantly hinder daily functioning. The symptoms must be present for at least six months.
To determine a diagnosis, doctors will speak with the patient about their symptoms and ask about their family history and medical problems. They may also use rating scales that measure a child's or adult's symptoms. These questionnaires are based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). These include questions regarding symptoms like hyperactivity, inattention, and an impulsive nature.
Adults might be asked to talk to their spouse or someone they know well. This is not meant to challenge the patient's honesty, but rather to gain a better understanding of their behavior that can't be gained from an interview. They might inquire about childhood behavior and refer to old school records in order to determine if the symptoms started before the age of 12.
Before determining a diagnosis the doctor will perform an examination and tests on the lab to rule out other health issues, like thyroid issues or head injuries which can trigger similar symptoms. The doctor will also look over the medication list of a patient. Doctors will look at the interactions between stimulants and medications prescribed for depression, high-blood pressure, and other conditions. It's important that adults talk to their primary healthcare providers when they suspect they have ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be considered to have ADHD, symptoms must manifest in at least two different settings (such as school, home, and work) and interfere with functioning. They should also have been diagnosed before age 12, and the impairment can't be caused by another disorder, such as depression or anxiety.
A doctor or mental health professional will use a variety of tools during the assessment, including ADHD symptoms checklists and standardized scales for assessing behavior and a detailed medical history. They might also talk to family members or friends to learn what the symptoms have done to them. They'll inquire if the symptoms are similar to the symptoms of other mental health conditions or physical ailments.
The evaluators will consider whether the symptoms are severe or mild. They will also review the medical history of the patient and family history to determine if there isn't any underlying cause of their problems, such as thyroid disorders and head injuries, as well as medication.
In some cases an examiner may decide to perform cognitive testing or ask the person to undergo an imaging test to rule out other reasons for their symptoms, like mood disorders, learning disabilities personality disorders, and addiction to drugs. People with these issues often appear differently from those with no issues. For example, boys tend to exhibit hyperactivity symptoms, whereas girls inattentive symptoms.
A few people suffering from ADHD are interested in taking part in a clinical trial to try out new treatments. While this is a great way to help further research, it is crucial for participants to realize that the purpose behind these studies is to increase information from the scientific community and does not necessarily guarantee they will receive treatment. For more information about clinical trials, please visit NIMH's Clinical Trials fact sheet.
Treatment
If you suspect they may have ADHD It is essential to find a specialist trained in diagnosing the disorder. Check with your health insurance provider for confirmation if ADHD specialists will be covered. You could also ask your family physician or other health professionals for recommendations. Additionally, referrals from word-of-mouth are a great option.
A doctor will inquire with the patient - or parents in the case of children - about the symptoms they experience. She may use standardized checklists or ADHD symptoms, and may also ask other people in a person's life for details, such as their spouses and families. Personal experience often reveals more than what can be learned from questionnaires.
A professional will also want to look over any documents that the person may have, especially old school reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is often determined by the past of a person. To be considered diagnosed the symptoms must be present from the age of a child (technically before age 12).
A physical examination is also carried out. It is a way to identify any other medical problems that could be responsible for symptoms, like thyroid problems or seizure disorders. A neurological exam is typically carried out by an expert to test motor control and coordination. Psychological tests that test the ability to think and be smart could be utilized. The test subject may also be asked to perform simple computer tasks to test attention and memory. This can help an expert determine if someone is hyperactive or inattentional. The specialist will determine the treatment plan and provide an appropriate diagnosis. Typically, the treatment plan includes medication and therapy. Psychotherapy or talk therapy may aid children and adults in learning healthy coping techniques and change destructive thought patterns. The therapy can be conducted by the primary care physician or a mental health professional who has a specialization in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people suffering from ADHD improve their condition by taking medications, however it's not the only way to treat the condition. Psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, or a combination can be beneficial to adolescents, children and adults. These therapies assist them in dealing with their ADHD symptoms and learn how to manage them. Psychoeducation, or education about ADHD and how to manage it, could be incorporated. They can include teachers, family members, and professionals.
It is essential to locate an expert in mental health or health care provider with experience treating ADHD. You can seek recommendations from people who have ADHD or from a mental health provider you already know, or conduct an online search. It's best to find a specialist who is familiar with your insurance plan.
The doctor will ask you or your child about the symptoms and problems caused by ADHD. They will do an examination of the body and look for any other health issues which could trigger similar symptoms. They will look over the medical and family history of your child or you and also school records and other documents.
The American Psychiatric Association's (DSM-V) (DSM-V) which is primarily geared towards diagnosing children is more difficult to diagnose ADHD in adults. Your doctor may interview you or your children about the symptoms and have others who spend a lot of time with them fill out checklists and questionnaires. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. Medications used to treat ADHD include stimulants, such as methylphenidate or lisdexamfetamine, and nonstimulants like atomoxetine and certain antidepressants. They function by increasing and balancing levels of neurotransmitters in the brain.
Counseling
Many people with ADHD also have comorbid disorders, such as anxiety or depression. Treatment should therefore include therapy that targets these issues. Some patients can benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy that teaches skills such as time and task management and emotional self-regulation.
Therapists can also assist patients in managing their symptoms through lifestyle adjustments. Regular exercise can help reduce hyperactivity and improve focus. A healthier diet is also essential for those with ADHD tend to consume higher levels of sugar and fat and consume less vegetables and fruits than the rest of us. Making social and family relationships a priority can reduce anxiety and make people feel more in charge of their lives.
A diagnosis of ADHD can aid adults and children to comprehend their difficulties. For instance, a child with ADHD might have difficulty communicating his or her demands to peers and teachers However, once a teacher understands that it's not due to inattention, accommodations can be implemented.
A professional evaluating ADHD will ask questions that are geared to the person's age, speak with family and teachers, review medical records, and look for any comorbidities. If ADHD symptoms first started before age, school records can be helpful for adults.
The expert will also check for any vision or hearing issues with hearing or vision. adhd diagnosis in adults uk may also do a blood test to look for specific hormones and other health issues that could cause symptoms of ADHD.